本文由智能家居公司编辑整理，版权归作者。1979年，美国的斯坦福研究所提出了将家电及电气设备的控制线集成在一起的家庭总线（HOMEBUS），并成立了相应的研究会进行研究，1983年美国电子工业协会组织专门机构开始制定家庭电气设计标准，并于 1988年编制了第一个适用于家庭住宅的电气设计标准，即：《家庭自动化系统与通讯标准》，也有称之为家庭总线系统标准(HBS，Home Bus System)。在其制定的设计规范与标准中，智能家居公司认为 智能住宅的电气设计要求必须满足以下三个条件，即：
      1． 具有家庭总线系统；
      2．通过家庭总线系统提供各种服务功能；
      3． 能和住宅以外的外部世界相连接。
成熟应用
      物联传感技术是全球第一个利用物联网来控制灯饰及电子电器产品（我们通称为zigbee产品），并将其作为智能家居主流产品走向了商业化。ZigBee最初预计的应用领域主要包括消费电子、能源管理、卫生保健、家庭自动化、建筑自动化和工业自动化。这种技术低功耗、抗干扰、高可靠、易组网、易扩容，易使用，易维护、便于快速大规模部署等特点顺应了物联网发展的要求和趋势。目前来看，物联网和ZigBee技术在智能家居、工业监测和健康保健等方面的应用有很大的融合性。


传感器技术
      值得注意的是，物联网的兴起将给ZigBee带来广阔的市场空间。因为物联网的目的是要将各种信息传感传动单元与互联网结合起来从而形成一个巨大的网络，在这个巨大网络中，传感传动单元与通信网络之间需要数据的传输，智能家居系统 而相对其他无线技术而言，ZigBee以其在投资、建设、维护等方面的优势，必将在物联网型智能家居领域获得更广泛的应用。物联传感控制规格遂成为当今家庭智能家居自动化控制规格的主要领导者。
      产品亮点
      1、开关可智能，多控又多联；
      2、触摸有图文，夜光看得见；
      3、远程连电脑，控制很方便；
      4、电力载波线，安装同以前。
发展趋势
      随着智能家居的迅猛发展，越来越多的智能家居开始引进智能化系统和设备。智能化系统涵盖的内容也从单纯的方式向多种方式相结合的方向发展。但较之于欧美发达国家，我国的我国智能家居系统起步稍晚，所以市场主流的产品（系统）还无法很好地解决产品本身与市场需求的矛盾，使得智能家居市场的僵冰还没有被完全打破，所以很大程度上阻碍了智能家居产业的发展。在此情形之下，从产品（系统）的技术角度上看什么才是解决这个难题的方法？据市场调研显示，只有智能家居交互平台才是最好的手段之一。
      智能家居交互平台是一个具有交互能力平台，并且通过平台能够把各种不同的系统、协议、信息、内容、控制在不同的子系统中进行交互、交换。它具有如下特点：
1、每个子系统都可以脱离交互平台独立运行
      智能家居交互平台中，各个子系统在脱离交互平台时能够独立运行，如果楼寓对讲、家庭报警、各种电器控制、门禁、家庭娱乐等等。各子系统在交互平台管理下运行，平台能采集各子系统的运行数据，系统的联动。
2、不同品牌的产品、不同的控制传输协议能通过这个平台进行交互
      由于有了交互平台，不同子系统在交户平台的统一管理下，可以协同工作和运行数据额交换、共享，给用户最大限度的选择权，充分体现智能家居的个性化。同时，它还具有网关的功能，通过交互平台，能与广域网连接，实现远程控制、远程管理。具有多种主流的控制接口，如RS485、RS232、TCP、IP等，同时可以扩充添加国内外流行的控制接口，如EIB、lonwork、CE-bus、Canbus，以及无线网络如：WiFi、GPRS、蓝牙等。根据客户及市场的变化不断增加各种总线、系统的驱动软件和硬件接口，丰富多样的通讯、控制接口，为子系统的多样选择提供的基础保障，智能家居有了最大限度包容性，用户有了更大的选择余地。
3、智能终端（触摸屏）仅做为各子系统的显示、操作界面
      整个系统在平台的控制、管理下运行，智能终端（触摸屏）仅做为各子系统的显示、操作界面，多智能终端配置容易可行。同时，可以记录各子系统的运行数据、为系统运行优化、自学习提供依据。交互平台，平台可以记录存储各系统的运行数据，对系统的运行可以提供有效的历史数据，同时可以根据历史的运行数据，总结出主人的使用习惯和某种规律，让系统能够自学习。
4、控制软件可编程（DIY），提供信息服务
      此系统方便用户改变控制逻辑、控制方式、操作界面，用户的控制逻辑、操作界面可以自定义、可以DIY。在现代的智能家居系统中，信息服务是非常重要的不可或缺的部分，有了信息服务，它给智能家居更多的“智慧”、给我们的生活提供更多的信息和资讯、给智能家居赋予更生动的生命，它是智能家居更高的境界。信息服务内容包括：健康、烹饪、交通信息、生活常识、婴幼儿哺育、儿童教育、日常购物、社区信息、家居控制专家等等，智能家居已不仅仅是面向控制的系统而是信息服务与控制有机结合的系统。
5、多种控制手段
      在日常家居生活中，为了使我们对家庭的控制系统能随时掌控、需要的信息随时获取，操作终端的形式非常重要，多种形式的智能操作终端是必不可少如：智能遥控器、移动触摸屏、电脑、手机、PDA等。


 iPhone客户端图例


 iPad客户端图例
      而随着云技术的发展，市面上出现了将云语音控制融入到控制系统的智能家居控制软件，不需要专业的设备，任意一台智能手机或是平板电脑安装上软件即可，其兼容 windows 、IOS、 android系统，开启手机软件，启用监听模式，在声场的覆盖的范围内，即可与系统对话控制电气设备，更强大的是该系统还可以接入互联网系统，进行日常信息查询，浏览网页，搜索音乐等功能，整个交互的过程，可以是全语音也可以是屏幕显示。
      智能家居可以成为智能小区的一部分，也可以独立安装。
      中国人口众多，城市住宅也多选择密集型的住宅小区方式，因此很多房地产商会站在整个小区智能化的角度来看待家居的智能化，也就出现了一统天下、无所不包的智能小区。欧美由于独体别墅的居住模式流行，因此住宅多散布城镇周边，没有一个很集中的规模，当然也就没有类似国内的小区这一级，住宅多与市镇相关系统直接相连。这一点也可解释为什么美国仍盛行ADSL、Cable Modem等宽带接入方式，而国内光纤以太网发展如此迅猛。因此欧美的智能家居多独立安装，自成体系。而国内习惯上已将它当作智能小区的一个子系统考虑，这种做法在前一阶段应该是可行的，而且是实用的，因为以前设计选用的智能家居功能系统多是小区配套的系统。但智能家居最终会独立出来成为一个自成体系和系统，作为住宅的主人完全可以自由选择智能家居系统，即使是小区配套来统一安装，也应该可以根据需要自由选择相应产品和功能、可以要求升级、甚至你对整个设计不感兴趣，完全可以独立安装一套。我们的观点是，智能家居实施其实是一种“智能化装修”，智能小区只不过搭建了大环境、完成了粗装修，接下来的智能化“精装修”要靠自己来实施。
技术判断
      最新出台的国家《物联网“十二五”发展规划》指出“推进传输技术突破。重点支持适用于物联网的新型近距离无线通信技术和传感器节点的研发，支持自感知、自配置、自修复、自管理的传感网组网和管理技术的研究”，它在自配置、自修复、自管理、低功耗，高安全、抗干扰等方面有着非常独特的优势。
      当然由于433M/315M射频、蓝牙，WiFi技术简单，产品开发周期短，我国电子行业前沿，特别是广东、福建等南方一些智能家居企业的再使用，这些企业产品得到大量的使用与验证，并且使用年限较上，得到了消费者的普遍认可。
      认知三大误区：
1.有线无线区别大
　　国内外智能家居企业鱼龙混杂，相关智能控制技术参差不齐，传统智能家居采用有线技术，布线复杂，造价昂贵，且用户体验度非常不好。新一代物联网技术的智能家居，利用无线传感技术，结合目前最火热的移动互联网技术，采用智能终端远程控制，使整个使用体验的舒适度明显地提升了上去。相关专家表示，有线控制面临消亡，无线控制由于其免布线，移动性强，升级方便等特点迅速受到市场的欢迎，更符合智能化的需求和趋势。不过，有一些成熟的智能家居企业利用无线的优势，推出的只具有单向控制信号的无线智能家居，非常适合市场的需求，因此一些传统的低压开关厂家也纷纷进入，TCL、飞雕等等，也是采用RF433的单向技术，说明只有符合市场的，才是好产品。
2.智能家电不等于智能家居
　　日前，某企业推出了新一代超级智能电视，受到网民的热烈讨论。各大媒体和电视业纷纷追踪报道，一时间，智能电视以及智能家电受到了人们的强烈关注，很多人把智能家电当成了智能家居，这是一个非常大的误区，如果不认清这个，很容易被一些家电商误导。智能家电的本质还是家用电器，只不过采用了一些智能化的系统或者技术，这是相对于传统家电而言的，就像21世纪的智能手机一样，它还是手机。而智能家居是一个平台，其本身就是一个智能化的控制系统。在这个平台上，所有的家电和门窗开关都可以被远程控制，实现智能化的应用体验，可以根据用户的自定义设置，进行各种各样的智能控制，这才是真正的智能家居。我们在选择产品和品牌的时候，且不要被一些家电厂商的所谓的”智能化”字眼所迷惑和误导。
3.智能不智能，体验是关键
　　在21世纪智能是一个非常火热的词语，随着移动互联网的强势崛起，21世纪以后所有的产品都要和智能联系到一起，否则都不好意思出现在用户面前。然后事实却是大部分打着智能旗号的产品都是一个幌子而已，根本都不能实现用户所想所需的智能体验。特别是在智能家居领域，很多时候并不是说能够进行简单的智能控制就是智能家居了。我们所需要的智能应该是一种切实解决我们的实际需求并且使用方便快捷的人性化体验，因此，判断到底智能不智能，只有通过自己的实际体验才能知道，没有体验过的智能家居很难让用户产生信任。用户在选择智能装修的时候，一定要去其体验中心实地考察体验，只有适合自己的才是好产品。
　　消费者安装智能家居系统所要追求的是一种高品质的生活体验，因此在选择智能装修之前一定要认识到这些常见的误区，避免造成资金的浪费，并且不能使自己享受很好的服务。

      一般原理，所有的技术都各有所长，各有所短，市场上接受度最高，使用量最大的产品，是值得考虑的。

如果你是英国 美国的，可以看下面的翻译 智能家居是未来，抢风口

This article by the smart home company editing, copyright to the author. 1979, the United States Stanford Institute will be home appliances and electrical equipment control line integrated family bus (HOMEBUS), and set up a corresponding study will be studied in 1983, the United States Electronics Industry Association organized specialized agencies began to develop a family Electrical design standards, and in 1988 prepared the first applicable to residential electrical design standards, namely: "home automation systems and communication standards", also known as the Home Bus System Standard (HBS, Home Bus System). In its development of design specifications and standards, smart home companies that intelligent residential electrical design requirements must meet the following three conditions, namely:
      1. With a home bus system;
      2. Through the family bus system to provide a variety of service functions;
      3. We can connect with outside world except house.
Mature application
      Things sensor technology is the world's first use of things to control the lighting and electrical and electronic products (we are known as zigbee products), and as the mainstream of intelligent home products to the commercial. ZigBee initially expected applications include consumer electronics, energy management, health care, home automation, building automation and industrial automation. This technology is low power consumption, anti-jamming, high reliability, easy networking, easy expansion, easy to use, easy to maintain, easy to deploy quickly and so on the characteristics of conforming to the development of Internet of Things requirements and trends. At present, the Internet of Things and ZigBee technology in intelligent home, industrial monitoring and health care applications have a great integration.




Sensor Technology
      It is noteworthy that the rise of the Internet of Things will bring ZigBee a broad market space. Because the Internet of Things is to be a variety of information sensing drive unit and the Internet together to form a huge network, in this huge network, the sensor drive unit and the communication network between the need for data transmission, intelligent home system Relative to other wireless technologies, ZigBee in its investment, construction, maintenance and other aspects of the advantages, will be in the field of intelligent home networking products for a wider range of applications. Sensing sensor control specifications has become today's home intelligent home automation control specifications of the main leaders.
      Product Highlights
      1, the switch can be intelligent, multi-control and multi-joint;
      2, touch graphic, luminous see;
      3, remote with the computer, control is very convenient;
      4, the power line carrier, with the previous installation.
development trend
      With the rapid development of intelligent home, more and more intelligent home began to introduce intelligent systems and equipment. Intelligent system covers the content from a simple way to a variety of ways to combine the direction of development. However, compared to developed countries in Europe and America, China's smart home system started later, so the market mainstream products (system) can not be a good solution to the contradiction between the product itself and market demand, making the smart home market has not been frozen ice Completely broken, so to a large extent hindered the development of smart home industry. In this case, from the product (system) technology point of view what is the solution to this problem? According to market research shows that only intelligent home interactive platform is one of the best means.
      Intelligent home interactive platform is a platform with interactive capabilities, and through the platform to a variety of different systems, protocols, information, content, control in different subsystems to interact, exchange. It has the following characteristics:
1, each subsystem can be independent of the interactive platform to run
      Intelligent home interactive platform, the various subsystems from the interactive platform to operate independently, if the floor apartment intercom, home alarm, all kinds of electrical control, access control, home entertainment and so on. Each subsystem runs under the management of the interactive platform. The platform can collect the operation data and the linkage of the subsystems.
2, different brands of products, different control transfer protocol can interact through this platform
      Because of the interactive platform, different subsystems in the unified management of the cross-platform, you can work together and run the amount of data exchange, sharing, giving the user the greatest choice, fully embodies the smart home personalized. At the same time, it also has a gateway function, through the interactive platform, with the wide area network connection, remote control, remote management. With a variety of mainstream control interface, such as RS485, RS232, TCP, IP, etc., at the same time can be expanded to add domestic and international popular control interface, such as EIB, lonwork, CE-bus, Canbus, and wireless networks such as: WiFi, GPRS, Bluetooth Wait. According to the customer and the market changes continuously increase various bus, the system driver software and the hardware connection, the rich variety communication, the control connection, provides the basic safeguard for the subsystem diverse choice, the intelligent home has the maximum allowance, the user has The greater the choice.
3, intelligent terminal (touch screen) only as a subsystem of the display, the user interface
      The whole system is running under the control and management of the platform. The intelligent terminal (touch screen) is only used as the display and operation interface of each subsystem, and the multi-intelligent terminal configuration is easy and feasible. At the same time, you can record the operation of the subsystem data for system optimization, self-learning to provide the basis. Interactive platform, the platform can record the operation of the system storage data on the operation of the system can provide effective historical data, and can run according to historical data, summed up the owner's habits and a law, the system can self-learning.
4, control software programmable (DIY), to provide information services
      This system is convenient for the user to change the control logic, the control mode, the operation interface, the user control logic, the operation contact surface may from the definition, may DIY. In the modern intelligent home system, the information service is very important indispensable part, has the information service, it gives the intelligent home more "wisdom", gives us the life to provide the more information and the information, Home to give a more vivid life, it is a higher realm of intelligent home. Information services include: health, cooking, traffic information, life knowledge, infant feeding, children's education, daily shopping, community information, home control experts, etc., intelligent home has not only for the control system but information services and control Organic combination of the system.
5, a variety of control means
      In the daily home life, in order to make our home control system at any time control, the information needed to obtain at any time, the form of terminal is very important, various forms of intelligent operation terminal is essential, such as: intelligent remote control, mobile touch screen , Computers, mobile phones, PDA and so on.




 IPhone client legend




 IPad client legend
      And with the development of cloud technology, the market will appear in the cloud voice control into the control system of intelligent home control software, do not need professional equipment, any one smart phone or tablet computer can be installed on the software, and its compatible windows , IOS, android system, open the phone software, enable listening mode, in the sound field coverage, you can control the electrical system with the dialogue system, more powerful is that the system can also access the Internet system for daily information query, browse Web pages, search music and other functions, the entire interactive process, can be a full voice can also be a screen display.
      Smart home can become a part of the Intelligent Community, can also be installed independently.
      China's large population, urban residential and more choice of residential-intensive way, many real estate Chamber of Commerce will stand in the entire district from the intelligent point of view of intelligent home, there will be dominated the world, all-encompassing intelligent community. Europe and the United States as a result of independent villas living mode popular, so residential scattered around the town, not a very concentrated scale, of course, there is no similar to the domestic community level, residential and city-related systems are directly connected. This also can explain why the United States is still popular ADSL, Cable Modem and other broadband access, and domestic fiber-optic Ethernet development so rapidly. So Europe and the United States more than a separate intelligent home installation, self-contained. And domestic custom has it as a sub-system of intelligent community to consider, this approach should be feasible in the previous stage, but also practical, because the previous design of the smart home functional system is mostly supporting the system. But the smart home will eventually become independent of a self-contained systems and systems, as the owner of the house can be free to choose smart home system, even if the plot supporting a unified installation, should also be free to choose the appropriate products and features, you can request upgrades , Or even you are not interested in the entire design, can install a separate set. Our view is that the implementation of smart home is actually a "smart decoration", intelligent community is only to build a large environment, completed a rough decoration, the next intelligent "fine decoration" to rely on their own implementation.
Technical judgment
      The latest development of the national "Internet of Things" Twelfth Five-Year "Development Plan" pointed out that "to promote the transmission technology breakthroughs. Focus on support for the Internet of things new short-range wireless communication technology and sensor node development, support self-sensing, self- Self-management, low power consumption, high security, anti-jamming and other aspects has a very unique advantage.With the development of network management technology,
      Of course, due to 433M / 315M radio, Bluetooth, WiFi technology is simple, short product development cycle, China's electronics industry front, especially in Guangdong, Fujian and some southern smart home business re-use of these products are a lot of use and validation, and use Over the years, has been generally recognized by consumers.
      Cognitive three errors:
1. Wired wireless difference
Smart home business at home and abroad quite a mixed bag, the relevant intelligent control technology uneven, traditional smart home using wired technology, wiring complexity, costly, and the user experience is very bad. A new generation of intelligent home networking technology, the use of wireless sensor technology, combined with the hottest mobile Internet technology, the use of intelligent remote control terminal, so that the entire use of the comfort of the experience has improved significantly up. Experts said that the cable control is facing demise, wireless control because of its free wiring, mobility, easy to upgrade features such as the rapid popularity of the market, more in line with the needs of intelligent and trends. However, there are some mature smart home business advantage of the use of wireless, launched with only one-way control signal wireless smart home, very suitable for market demand, so some of the traditional low-voltage switch manufacturers have entered, TCL, , But also one-way technology using RF433, that only in line with the market, is a good product.
2. Smart home appliances do not mean smart home
Recently, a company launched a new generation of super smart TV, Internet users by the lively discussion. Major media and television industry have tracked reports, a time, smart TV and smart home appliances by the strong concern of many people to smart home appliances as a smart home, this is a very big misunderstanding, if you do not recognize this, it is Easy to be misled by some home appliances business. Smart home appliances or the nature of home appliances, but with a number of intelligent systems or technology, which is relative to the traditional home appliances in terms of, like the 21st century smart phones, it is still a cell phone. The smart home is a platform, itself is an intelligent control system. In this platform, all the appliances and doors and windows switches can be remote control, intelligent application experience, according to the user's custom settings, a variety of intelligent control, this is the real smart home. We are in the choice of products and brands, and not to be some home appliance manufacturers of the so-called "intelligent" words confused and misleading.
3. Smart is not intelligent, experience is the key
In the 21st century, intelligence is a very hot words, with the strong rise of mobile Internet, after the 21st century, all products and smart to be linked together, or are embarrassed to appear in front of users. And then the fact that most of the products under the banner of the banner of intelligence is a cover only, simply can not achieve the user wants the intelligent experience. Especially in the field of smart home, a lot of time is not to say that a simple intelligent control is a smart home. We need the intelligence should be a practical solution to our actual needs and the use of convenient and efficient human experience, therefore, in the end intelligence is not intelligent, only through their own practical experience to know, not experienced smart home is difficult to let The user generates trust. Users in the choice of intelligent decoration, be sure to go to the center of their experience of field trips, only for their own is a good product.
Consumers to install smart home system is to pursue a high quality of life experience, so in the choice of intelligent decoration must be aware of these common errors before, to avoid the waste of funds, and can not make themselves enjoy a good service.
      General principles, all the technology has its own strengths, each have short, the market acceptance of the highest, the largest use of the product is worth considering.